SAN fundamentals

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Fibre Channel Frame

S O F HEADER PAYLOAD C R C E O F 4 24 2112 4 4   Fibre Channel places a restriction on the length of the data field of a frame at 528...

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Fibre Channel Networking Model

It is easier to understand a communications protocol if it is first broken down into parts or layers. For better understanding, the Fibre channel protocol has been broken into five layers. The FC-0 and...

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SFP Types

Short Wavelength (SWL) Long Wavelength (LWL) Extended Long Wavelength (ELWL) Wave Division Multiplexing (WDM)   SWL Fiber Optic SFP Module – Based on short-wavelength 850 nm lasers supporting 2 and 4 Gbit/sec link speeds....

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Fiber Optic Cables

In FC SAN, optical fibre cables are used as data transmitters. In FC SAN data transmits in the form of light. Fiber types are available in two types: single mode fiber (SMF) using 9...

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What is Zoning?

Zoning Zoning means restricting the scope of an initiator (host) to a particular target (storage array) in fabric. An initiator can see only the devices from a particular storage array that is zoned to...

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Fibre Channel Classes of service

Classes of service Applications might require different levels of service and guarantees regarding delivery, connectivity, and bandwidth. Some applications need to have a bandwidth that is dedicated to them during the data exchange like...

Converged Network Adapter

Converged Network Adapters (CNAs) can run both Ethernet and Fibre Channel traffic at the same time. These CNAs combine the functions of an HBA and a Network Interface Card (NIC) on one card. CNAs...

Fibre Channel Topologies

Topology is the way of approach to connecting devices to form a network. Fibre Channel-based networks support three types of base topologies: Point-to-point Arbitrated loop Switched fabric Switched fabric further classified into a few...

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What is Congestion in SAN fabric?

Congestion When over-subscription occurs, it leads to a condition called congestion. When a node is unable to use as much bandwidth as it wants, because of contention with another node, then there is congestion. A...